A reviewer must avoid using previously unavailable information to evaluate quality in what context?

Using previously unavailable information to evaluate quality when developing an opinion is prohibited because it undermines the integrity and fairness of the appraisal process. The core tenet of appraisal standards is that appraisers—and subsequently reviewers—should base their evaluations on information that was available and considered during the original appraisal process. This is critical to ensure that the evaluation is reflective of the conditions and data that were accessible at the time, thereby maintaining consistency and objectivity in appraisal practices.

When a reviewer relies on undisclosed information, it introduces an element of bias, as the original appraiser did not have that data to inform their judgments. This could lead to an unfair assessment of the appraiser's work, as the judgment would be made on factors that were not part of the original analysis.

In contrast, the other contexts, such as general appraisal analysis, comparison to industry standards, or financial assessments, involve different criteria and frameworks where previously unavailable information might not have the same potential to distort the evaluation process. These contexts can accommodate ongoing developments and adjustments based on new market conditions or standards, but the formation of an opinion must be grounded in the original context of the appraisal to uphold the reliability and accuracy of the review process.